PANIC ATTACK AND PANIC DISORDERS: HOW THEY AFFECT YOUR LIFE

Panic attacks are sudden, intense episodes of fear that can cause a variety of physical symptoms such as a racing heart, rapid breathing, and excessive sweating. These episodes often happen without a specific trigger, and some people may develop a condition called panic disorder, where panic attacks occur recurrently and unexpectedly.

Panic disorder is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by repeated and unexpected panic attacks. A hallmark of panic disorder is that these attacks often occur without any obvious cause and are followed by persistent worry about having more attacks or avoiding situations that might trigger them. People with panic disorder may experience significant disruptions in their daily lives due to the fear of future attacks.

During a panic attack, individuals may experience symptoms such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, trembling, and an overwhelming sense of terror. Panic attacks typically peak within 10 minutes and subside after about 20 minutes, although the experience can feel much longer due to the intensity of the symptoms.

While both panic attacks and anxiety attacks involve intense physical symptoms, they are different in their triggers and duration. Anxiety attacks usually build up gradually and are triggered by specific stressors. Panic attacks, on the other hand, occur suddenly, often without any identifiable cause, and involve more intense and short-lived symptoms.

The exact causes of panic attacks aren’t fully understood, but researchers believe that dysfunction in the brain’s amygdala, which processes fear and emotions, plays a key role. Chemical imbalances in substances like GABA, cortisol, and serotonin are also believed to contribute. Risk factors include having a family history of anxiety disorders, existing mental health conditions, and adverse childhood experiences.

Panic attacks are fairly common studies suggest that anxiety disorders, including panic attacks, affect about 3-5% of the population. Panic disorder, a more chronic condition involving recurrent panic attacks, may affect around 1-2% of Indians. Mental health issues, including panic disorder, are more prevalent among women than men in India.

Panic attacks and panic disorder can affect daily life, but recognizing the signs is the first step. Raising awareness and reducing stigma around mental health can help individuals seek support. Remember, you're not alone in this experience.