New Delhi: Attention and problem-solving challenges might play a crucial role in diagnosing early dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), according to a recent study published in Alzheimer's & Dementia journal.
The research explores how Mild Cognitive Impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB), an early stage of DLB, affects thinking and memory, offering valuable insights into its diagnosis and progression.
The study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 research papers published between January 1990 and March 2023. It included data from 2,823 participants, comprising individuals with MCI-LB, MCI due to Alzheimer’s disease (MCI-AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and healthy controls. The research focused on cognitive domains such as attention, executive function, memory, visuospatial skills, and processing speed.
Researchers found that people with MCI-LB struggled more with attention, executive function (such as planning and problem-solving), and processing speed than those with Alzheimer’s-related MCI. However, individuals with MCI-LB performed better in verbal immediate and delayed memory tasks compared to those with MCI-AD.
“Our study demonstrates that neuropsychological assessments can be pivotal in distinguishing MCI-LB from other cognitive impairments, even at early stages,” said Dr. Kathryn Wyman-Chick, the lead author. “This has profound implications for timely and accurate diagnosis.”
The study also revealed that while MCI-LB patients scored worse than healthy controls across all cognitive domains, they performed better than individuals with advanced DLB.
“These results align with the established profiles in DLB and Alzheimer’s disease, supporting the validity of MCI-LB as a prodromal stage of dementia with Lewy bodies,” said Dr. Daniel Ferreira, a senior researcher.
The researchers emphasized the importance of global standardization in cognitive testing to improve diagnosis and treatment. “Despite the advances, there remains considerable variability in cognitive test batteries used worldwide. A unified approach could further refine our understanding and treatment strategies,” said Dr. Ece Bayram, a co-author.
The findings highlight the need for early detection to improve patient care. By identifying MCI-LB sooner, healthcare providers can develop better interventions and potentially slow the progression of the disease.