Understanding Gut Health and Lifestyle Practices for Optimal Liver Function - Dr Meghraj Ingle

Emerging research highlights a significant correlation between gut function and the onset of liver diseases. Factors such as poor dietary habits leading to severe obesity, alcohol consumption, transmission of hepatic viruses, chronic infectious agents, or gut microbiome translocation have been implicated in this connection.

Moreover, certain chronic and incurable inflammatory gut conditions can also contribute to the development of chronic liver disease. The liver serves as a remarkable multitasking organ within the human body, tirelessly carrying out essential functions such as digesting fats, recycling blood cells, storing energy for future use, and filtering blood from the digestive tract to safeguard against various toxins. Thus, maintaining a healthy liver is important for overall survival and well-being.

The liver possesses remarkable regenerative capabilities, capable of repairing itself after damage. However, prolonged or repetitive injury can result in the formation of scar tissue. This scarring, known as cirrhosis, impairs the liver's ability to function normally. In recent years, there has been a steady and concerning rise in the prevalence and mortality rates associated with liver diseases.

Among the most prevalent chronic liver conditions are alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), both of which have the potential to progress to liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma.

Alterations in gut microorganisms, known as microbiota, can influence the progression of liver disease. The gut-liver axis represents a close and bidirectional communication pathway between the intestine and the liver.

Dysfunctional intestinal microbiota is linked with heightened intestinal permeability, leading to the exposure of the liver to bacterial components. This exposure can directly impact hepatocytes or liver cells, resulting in hepatic injury.

Various factors, such as diet, stress exposure, extensive antibiotic use, ageing, and comorbid conditions, may influence microbiota composition and increase the risk of dysbiosis.

Improving dysbiosis through a healthy diet, prebiotic and probiotic use enhances gut-barrier function and presents a promising strategy for managing chronic liver diseases. The shifting dietary patterns in our country are increasingly contributing to significant obesity and the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Early awareness and remedial measures are essential to address this pressing issue.

Amoebic infections of the colon can lead to the formation of liver abscesses, resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. Enhancing hygiene practices, particularly in terms of sanitation and water supply, is imperative to mitigate the incidence of such infections.

Additionally, during the monsoon season, outbreaks of Hepatitis A and E viruses occur, both of which are waterborne gut infections associated with acute hepatitis and jaundice. It is crucial to exercise caution and avoid consuming roadside, stale, or contaminated food items to reduce the risk of infection during this period.

Tips to keep liver healthy

Avoid Foods High in Fat, Sugar, and Salt: Consuming foods high in fat, sugar, and salt can burden the liver and contribute to liver health issues. Fried foods, junk food, and packaged foods often contain high levels of these substances. Additionally, raw or undercooked seafood and meat can pose risks of foodborne illnesses, potentially putting strain on the liver.

Consult Your Doctor About Alcohol and Liver Health: Depending on the condition of your liver, it may be necessary to avoid alcohol altogether. If your doctor permits alcohol consumption, it's crucial to limit intake. Women should aim for no more than one drink per day, while men should limit themselves to two drinks per day. Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to liver damage and other serious health complications.

Follow a Balanced Diet: Eating a balanced diet is essential for overall health, including liver health. Choose foods from all food groups to ensure you're getting a variety of essential nutrients. Include grains, fruits, vegetables, lean meats and beans, dairy products, and healthy oils in your diet to support liver function and overall well-being.

Incorporate Fiber-Rich Foods: Fiber is beneficial for digestive health and can help support liver function. Incorporate plenty of fiber-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grain breads, rice, and cereals into your diet. These foods aid in digestion, promote regular bowel movements, and may help reduce cholesterol levels, benefiting overall liver health.

Stay Hydrated: Drinking an adequate amount of water is essential for liver health. Water helps to flush toxins from the body and supports proper liver function. Aim to drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated and support optimal liver function.

Engage in Regular Exercise: Regular physical activity is important for maintaining overall health and supporting liver function. Exercise helps to improve blood circulation, which benefits the liver by promoting efficient nutrient and oxygen delivery. Aim to engage in regular exercise, such as brisk walking, jogging, cycling, or swimming, to support liver health and overall well-being.