Gaming, Screens and Epilepsy: Myths, Facts and Safe Digital Habits for Seizure Prevention - Dr Kaustubh Mahajan

In today’s digital age, screens are everywhere—video games, social media, streaming platforms, and more. For people with epilepsy, the relationship between screens and seizures is often a source of concern.

Can gaming trigger a seizure? Is scrolling through social media safe? Let’s separate the myths from the facts and explore how to enjoy screen time responsibly.

First, it’s important to understand why screens can be a concern for people with epilepsy. The primary risk comes from photosensitivity, a condition where flashing lights or certain visual patterns trigger seizures. About 3-5% of people with epilepsy are photosensitive, and for them, screens can pose a real risk.

However, not all screen time is created equal. The risk depends on factors like:

• Brightness and contrast: Rapid changes in light intensity are more likely to trigger seizures.
• Flashing frequency: Lights flashing between 5 to 30 times per second are most problematic.
• Patterns: Repetitive geometric patterns (e.g., stripes or checkerboards) can also be a trigger.

Myth vs Fact: What You Need to Know

Myth 1: All Video Games Are Dangerous for People with Epilepsy

Fact: Not all games are risky. While some games contain flashing lights or rapid scene changes, many are safe to play. The key is to choose games with steady visuals and avoid those with intense strobe effects or rapid transitions.

Myth 2: Social Media Is Always Safe

Fact: Social media platforms can sometimes include flashing ads, autoplay videos, or GIFs with rapid animations. These can be problematic for photosensitive individuals. However, most platforms allow you to disable autoplay or use tools to filter out potentially harmful content.

Myth 3: Watching TV or Movies Is Off-Limits

Fact: Modern TVs and streaming platforms are generally safe, especially if you watch in a well-lit room and sit at a reasonable distance. However, older CRT (cathode-ray tube) TVs, which flicker at a low frequency, can be more risky.

Myth 4: Screen Time Always Causes Seizures

Fact: For most people with epilepsy, screens are not a direct trigger. Only a small percentage of individuals are photosensitive, and even for them, not all screen use is dangerous. The key is moderation and awareness.

Tips for Safe Screen Use

If you have epilepsy, you don’t have to avoid screens altogether. Here are some practical tips to reduce risks:

1. Adjust Screen Settings

• Lower brightness and contrast to reduce strain.
• Enable “night mode” or blue light filters to minimize flicker.
• Use high refresh rates (e.g., 120Hz or higher) to reduce flickering.

2. Take Regular Breaks

• Follow the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
• Avoid marathon gaming or binge-watching sessions.

3. Choose Games and Content Wisely

• Avoid games with rapid flashing lights or intense visual effects.
• Check for epilepsy warnings on games and videos.
• Opt for slower-paced games or content with steady visuals.

4. Create a Safe Viewing Environment

• Watch screens in a well-lit room to reduce contrast.
• Sit at least 2-3 feet away from the screen.
• Use smaller screens (e.g., tablets or phones) if large screens feel overwhelming.

5. Be Cautious with Virtual Reality (VR)

VR headsets can be immersive, but may pose risks due to their intense visuals and rapid movements. If you want to try VR, start with short sessions and choose low-intensity experiences.

6. Know Your Triggers

• If you’re photosensitive, work with your doctor to understand your specific triggers.
• Keep a seizure diary to track any patterns related to screen use.

What About Gaming and Cognitive Benefits?

While screens can pose risks, they also have potential benefits. For example:

• Cognitive stimulation: Puzzle games and strategy games can improve problem-solving skills and memory.
• Social connection: Online gaming and social media can help people with epilepsy stay connected, especially if their condition limits in-person interactions.
• Stress relief: Gaming can be a fun way to unwind, as long as it’s done in moderation.

If you notice that screens consistently trigger seizures or worsen your symptoms, consult your neurologist. They may recommend:

• EEG testing to assess photosensitivity.
• Adjustments to your treatment plan, such as medication changes.
• Lifestyle modifications to reduce screen-related risks.

Screens are an integral part of modern life, and for most people with epilepsy, they can be enjoyed safely with a few precautions. By understanding your triggers, making smart choices about content, and using screens responsibly, you can stay connected and entertained without compromising your health.

Remember, epilepsy doesn’t have to limit your life—it just means being a little more mindful.