Metropolis Study Reveals Genetic Insights in Lung Cancer for Precision Oncology

New Delhi: Metropolis Healthcare has unveiled findings from a seven-year molecular genomics study of over 3,200 lung cancer cases, offering genetic insights with implications for precision oncology.

Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadliest forms of cancer worldwide, significantly impacting lives and healthcare systems. Characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the lungs, it is broadly classified into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for the majority of cases, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Among NSCLC cases, 83% were adenocarcinoma, and 17% were squamous cell carcinoma, with most patients aged over 60.

Smoking remains the leading cause of lung cancer, although non-smokers can also develop the disease due to genetic factors, environmental exposures, or other underlying conditions. Early detection is critical, as the disease is often diagnosed at advanced stages, complicating treatment options and outcomes.

Released in honour of Lung Cancer Awareness Month, the study highlights the prevalence of genetic mutations such as EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 in NSCLC patients, underscoring the value of molecular profiling in personalized cancer care. The genomic profiling revealed EGFR mutations in 29.1% of cases, with higher prevalence among women and younger patients. ALK rearrangements were detected in 7.8% of cases, and ROS1 rearrangements in 3.5%.

The study employed next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyse over 300 cancer-related genes, providing actionable insights for clinicians and guiding personalized treatment strategies for lung cancer patients.

Dr Kirti Chadha, Chief Scientific and Innovation Officer at Metropolis Healthcare, emphasized the research’s role in advancing cancer care: "Studying genetic mutations and alterations in cancer-related genes is essential for guiding clinicians in selecting the most suitable treatment. This molecular analysis forms the foundation of precision medicine, allowing doctors to adjust therapies based on a patient’s unique genetic profile and likely response."

The findings reinforce the critical role of molecular profiling in NSCLC management. Personalized approaches guided by genetic alterations can enhance survival rates and quality of life. Global guidelines, including those from NCCN and ESMO, advocate for the integration of genetic profiling to inform targeted therapies.

Dr Chadha added, "This study highlights our commitment to fostering innovation in diagnostics and improving the standard of care for lung cancer patients. The future of cancer treatment lies in precision oncology, where every patient’s unique genetic makeup informs their therapy."